_a._ _Satsikaa_, or _Blackfoots Proper_.
_b._ The _Kena_, or _Blood Indians_.
_c._ The _Piegan_.
To these must be added numerous extinct tribes.
II. The _Iroquois_ class has been larger than it is now, many of its
members being extinct. It still, however, contains the _Wiandots_, or
_Hurons_, of the parts between Lakes Simcoe, Huron, and Erie; the once
famous and formidable _Mohawks_, the _Senekas_, the _Onondagos_, the
_Cayugas_, the _Oneidas_, and the _Tuskaroras_.
III. To the _Sioux_ class belong the Assiniboins of the Red River, and
the Osages of Arkansas; tribes widely distant. It is the great Sioux to
which nine-tenths of the Valley of Missouri originally belonged--Sioux,
whose original hunting-grounds included the vast prairie-country from
the Rocky Mountains to the Mississippi, and who again appear as an
isolated detachment of Lake Michigan; Sioux, known under the names of
Winebagoes, Dahcotas, Yanktons, Tetons, Upsarokas, Mandans, Minetaris,
Missouris, Osages, Konzas, Ottos, Omahaws, Puncas, Ioways, and Quappas.
None of the Sioux tribes came in contact with the sea. None of them
belonged to the great _forest_ districts of America. Most of them hunt
over the country of the buffalo. This makes them warlike migratory
hunters; with fewer approaches to agricultural or industrial
civilisation than any Indians equally favoured by soil and climate.
It is the Iroquois, the Sioux, and certain members of the Algonkin
stock, upon which the current and popular notions of the American
Indian, the _Red Man_, as he is called, have been formed.
GROUP XIII.
GREENLANDERS.
Greenland is occupied by the same family that occupies the coast of
Labrador. It does more. It extends all along the northern coast of North
America; all along the shores of the Arctic Sea, both east and west. It
extends to Russian America, and beyond it to the other side of Behring’s
Straits, and to the Aleutian Islands. Hence, there are certain members
of the family to which the Greenlanders belong in Asia.
The general name for this is _Eskimo_, a word, which, like _Malay_ and
_Mongol_, is used in a general, as well as a particular sense. It
denotes a large family, and it means the special occupants of the coast
of Labrador, and the coast of the Arctic Sea.
The Eskimo is the only family common to the Old and the New World.
The large Greenland tent, with its furniture, and a canoe, is from one
of the few ethnological museums in existence,--that of Copenhagen; from
which it has been liberally and courteously supplied to the Crystal
Palace. The details are due to the skill and care of Professor Thomsen
of that capital.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.