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Accounting theory and practice, Volume 2 (of 3) : a textbook for colleges and…
2. Proprietorship Reserves

Accounting theory and practice, Volume 2 (of 3) : a textbook for colleges and…

2. Proprietorship Reserves

Chapter 130 6 words

Chapter 1: Chapter 1
Chapter 2: Introduction of System
Chapter 3: 1. PROPORTIONAL METHODS
Chapter 4: 2. VARIABLE PERCENTAGE METHODS
Chapter 5: 3. COMPOUND INTEREST METHODS
Chapter 6: 4. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS
Chapter 7: 1. PROPORTIONAL METHODS
Chapter 8: 2. VARIABLE PERCENTAGE METHODS
Chapter 9: 3. COMPOUND INTEREST METHODS
Chapter 10: 4. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS
Chapter 11: Introduction
Chapter 12: Introduction
Chapter 13: CHAPTER I
Chapter 14: 5. Debenture
Chapter 15: CHAPTER II
Chapter 16: Introduction of System
Chapter 17: Chapter XXXVI, a cash discount is usually treated as a financial
Chapter 18: 6. Indexing vouchers.
Chapter 19: 4. It localizes responsibility by showing authority for
Chapter 20: 5. It secures a receipted bill for all disbursements of cash.
Chapter 21: 1. Clumsy provision for returns and allowances, partial
Chapter 22: 3. The giving out of information about the business
Chapter 23: CHAPTER III
Chapter 24: CHAPTER IV
Chapter 25: 2. Deferred Charges to | 2. Deferred Income
Chapter 26: 5. Fixed Assets |
Chapter 27: 4. For publication or report to regulating or
Chapter 28: 6. For advertising purposes to float new issues
Chapter 29: CHAPTER V
Chapter 30: 12. Liquidation or forced-sale value, etc.
Chapter 31: 1. For the current assets, the principle of valuation may be stated
Chapter 32: 2. The principle of valuation involved in deferred charges to operation
Chapter 33: 3. For the fixed assets, the principle of valuation generally
Chapter 34: CHAPTER VI
Chapter 35: 2. The managerial policy as to repairs, maintenance,
Chapter 36: 3. The past performance and expected future performance
Chapter 37: 4. All other factors locally present which may affect
Chapter 38: Chapter XIII.)
Chapter 39: CHAPTER VII
Chapter 40: 5. Crystallization[25]
Chapter 41: CHAPTER VIII
Chapter 42: 2. Rates of depreciation and their relation to repairs,
Chapter 43: 5. Financing depreciation and some related problems.
Chapter 44: Chapter IX.
Chapter 45: 4. Normal climatic conditions.
Chapter 46: 5. Probable misuse and neglect brought about by the
Chapter 47: 6. Probable change in ownership and consequent
Chapter 48: 7. Probable change in the requirements of the market,
Chapter 49: 2. Installed operating and generating machinery
Chapter 50: 3. Fixed equipment including boilers and piping
Chapter 51: Chapter X of the effect of the various methods used for calculating
Chapter 52: CHAPTER IX
Chapter 53: 4. Miscellaneous Methods
Chapter 54: 4. Under some methods, an arbitrary interest rate
Chapter 55: 1. PROPORTIONAL METHODS
Chapter 56: 2. VARIABLE PERCENTAGE METHODS
Chapter 57: 3. COMPOUND INTEREST METHODS
Chapter 58: 4. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS
Chapter 59: CHAPTER X
Chapter 60: 2. Inadequacy, which is lack of capacity to do the
Chapter 61: 3. Obsolescence, which represents the inability to
Chapter 62: 1. PROPORTIONAL METHODS
Chapter 63: 2. VARIABLE PERCENTAGE METHODS
Chapter 64: 3. COMPOUND INTEREST METHODS
Chapter 65: 4. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS
Chapter 66: Chapter XI.
Chapter 67: CHAPTER XI
Chapter 68: 2. Estimate of life in periods, working hours, service
Chapter 69: 5. Periodic appraisal value.
Chapter 70: 3. Profits of the past may be reserved in the business
Chapter 71: CHAPTER XII
Chapter 72: Introduction
Chapter 73: 4. Bank
Chapter 74: 1. Cash deposited to cover breakage or damage to
Chapter 75: 2. Moneys advanced to subsidiaries, salesmen, and other
Chapter 76: 3. Claims against creditors for returned or damaged
Chapter 77: 4. Prepayments on purchase or expense contracts, as
Chapter 78: 5. Unpaid calls or instalments on stock subscription
Chapter 79: 6. Claims against absconding officers for property
Chapter 80: 1. In the case of a new concern where there is no past
Chapter 81: 2. In the case of an outsider—a professional auditor
Chapter 82: 3. Periodically, in any business, as a check on the
Chapter 83: 1. The amount of outstanding trade debt at the time
Chapter 84: 2. The amount of sales on credit made during the
Chapter 85: 3. The total sales, both cash and credit, for the present
Chapter 86: CHAPTER XIII
Chapter 87: 1. Carry the market valuation, whether more or less
Chapter 88: 2. In case market value is less than cost, set up a reserve
Chapter 89: 3. Carry in an inner column in the body of the balance
Chapter 90: Chapter XXVI of this book, where a full presentation of the case for
Chapter 91: CHAPTER XIV
Chapter 92: CHAPTER XV
Chapter 93: 1. By practically full ownership of the subsidiary
Chapter 94: 3. Through the agency of advances, particularly when,
Chapter 95: CHAPTER XVI
Chapter 96: Chapter IX, is the one most widely employed. It is to be preferred to
Chapter 97: CHAPTER XVII
Chapter 98: 1. If the building is purchased outright for cash, whatever costs
Chapter 99: 2. If the building is bought by the issue of stocks or bonds, the
Chapter 100: 3. When buildings are put up by the concern itself, full cost may
Chapter 101: Chapter XVI, any increase or decrease in the value of the land cannot
Chapter 102: CHAPTER XVIII
Chapter 103: 1. _Time Lapse._ There is no such thing as wear and tear on a patent
Chapter 104: 2. _Supersession._ If no other causes than time lapse were operative,
Chapter 105: 3. _Obsolescence._ Akin to the element of supersession is that of
Chapter 106: 1. Lump sum payments to the state or some division
Chapter 107: 2. The full purchase price paid another company for
Chapter 108: 3. Legal and other fees in connection with securing
Chapter 109: 4. Any other legitimate expenses, such as the cost of
Chapter 110: CHAPTER XIX
Chapter 111: 6. Merchandise Inventory
Chapter 112: Chapter XX, in the discussion of the liability, bonds.
Chapter 113: CHAPTER XX
Chapter 114: 1. The character of the issuing corporation under
Chapter 115: 2. The security of the bonds under which come:
Chapter 116: 3. The purpose of the issue, as:
Chapter 117: 4. The conditions incident upon payment of principal
Chapter 118: 4. A bond sold at par to be redeemed at a premium on maturity.
Chapter 119: CHAPTER XXI
Chapter 120: CHAPTER XXII
Chapter 121: 2. Profits realized on sales of fixed assets should be first applied
Chapter 122: 3. A sufficient surplus should be accumulated (in addition to the
Chapter 123: CHAPTER XXIII
Chapter 124: Chapter XXII, have their proper place of record direct into some margin
Chapter 125: Chapter XXV on sinking funds for a full discussion of the merits and
Chapter 126: 2. Reserves created to provide an additional capital
Chapter 127: 3. Reserves created to provide for equalizing dividends
Chapter 128: 1. Valuation Reserves
Chapter 129: 5. Market Fluctuations Reserves, etc.
Chapter 130: 2. Proprietorship Reserves
Chapter 131: 3. Reserves for Working Capital, etc.
Chapter 132: CHAPTER XXIV
Chapter 133: Introduction
Chapter 134: CHAPTER XXV
Chapter 135: 1. The sinking fund, then, under suitable title, may appear only among
Chapter 136: 2. The balance sheet may record the sinking fund status among the
Chapter 137: 3. There may appear on the balance sheet as the only evidence of a
Chapter 138: 4. There may be no record of the sinking fund transactions shown on
Chapter 139: 1. Those dealing with the original and subsequent
Chapter 140: 2. Those required to book the trustee’s periodic
Chapter 141: 3. Those to show the redemption of the debt and the final
Chapter 142: CHAPTER XXVI
Chapter 143: 1. The difficulty of determining the rate at which
Chapter 144: 2. Inasmuch as the amount of investment in current
Chapter 145: 3. If interest is to be charged, how shall the offsetting
Chapter 146: 4. The introduction in production costs of a more or
Chapter 147: 5. As the business world is accustomed to consider
Chapter 148: CHAPTER XXVII
Chapter 149: Chapter XXIII on “Reserves and Surplus.” There the illegitimate use of
Chapter 150: CHAPTER XXVIII
Chapter 151: 1. To convey, transfer, conceal, or remove, or to permit
Chapter 152: 2. To transfer while insolvent any portion of the property
Chapter 153: 3. To make a general assignment for the benefit of
Chapter 154: 4. For the debtor to admit in writing his inability to
Chapter 155: 5. To suffer or permit, while insolvent, any creditor to
Chapter 156: 1898. The courts of the Federal Government have jurisdiction in these
Chapter 157: CHAPTER XXIX
Chapter 158: 1. Agreement by the directors of the various companies
Chapter 159: 2. Assent of the stockholders of each company to the
Chapter 160: 3. Filing of certified copies of the agreement, with the
Chapter 161: 4. The exchange and issuance of new stock for the
Chapter 162: 1. A uniform accounting system for all the companies
Chapter 163: 2. The reserves for depreciation should be based on
Chapter 164: 3. Costs should be determined in the same way if the
Chapter 165: 4. The apportionment of labor, factory expense, and
Chapter 166: 5. Only real items of cost should be included under the
Chapter 167: 6. The same methods of inventory-taking, both of
Chapter 168: 7. The amount of orders on hand should be considered.
Chapter 169: CHAPTER XXX
Chapter 170: 2. A proper rate of turnover on the merchandise
Chapter 171: 3. Economical management.
Chapter 172: 3. Facilities for centralizing and comparing such

(a) Secret Reserves (b) Open Reserves

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